A Novel Role for the TIR Domain in Association with Pathogen-Derived Elicitors
By Tessa M. Burch-Smith, Michael Schiff, Jeffrey L Caplan, Jeffrey Tsao, Kirk Czymmek, S. Dinesh-Kumar. 2007
388 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Plant innate immunity is mediated by Resistance (R) proteins, which bear a striking resemblance to animal molecules of similar function. Tobacco N is a TIR-NB-LRR R gene that confers resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus, specifically the p50 helicase domain. An intriguing question is how plant R proteins recognize the presence of pathogen-derived Avirulence (Avr) elicitor proteins. We have used biochemical cell fraction and immunoprecipitation in addition to confocal fluorescence microscopy of living tissue to examine the association between N and p50. Surprisingly, both N and p50 are cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, and N's nuclear localization is required for its function. We also demonstrate an in planta association between N and p50. Further, we show that N's TIR domain is critical for this association, and indeed, it alone can associate with p50. Our results differ from current models for plant innate immunity that propose detection is mediated solely through the LRR domains of these molecules. The data we present support an intricate process of pathogen elicitor recognition by R proteins involving multiple subcellular compartments and the formation of multiple protein complexes.
Subfields: Plant Science
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Citations in the corpus
- Damage and fluctuations induce loops in optimal transport networks. (2009, methodology): “3 In the first model (robustness to damage), we compute the power dissipated when one of the links (e.g. ab) is broken: Cabkj = Ckj(1 − δakδbj − δajδbk).”
- Poplar and Pathogen Interactions: Insights from Populus Genome-Wide Analyses of Resistance and Defense Gene Families and Gene Expression Profiling (2009, neutral): “Cytoplasmic and nuclear trafficking may play an important role in R-gene mediated disease resistance (Burch-Smith et al., 2007; Shen et al., 2007).”
- Elicitors, effectors, and R genes: the new paradigm and a lifetime supply of questions. (2007, neutral): “These include the function of a fused NB-LRR-WRKY protein, the nuclear presence of the tobacco N protein, and the nuclear activity of AvrBs3-family pathogen effector proteins (25, 43, 66).”
- Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis as a probe of protein interactions in living cells. (2008, neutral): “Among higher eukaryotic organisms, BiFC analysis has been used to visualized numerous interactions in many plant species (1,5,11,12,14,17,18,24,25,41,53,59,60,64,67,71,72,83, 88,90,94,102,108,114,118,119,124,125).”
- Plant immunity: towards an integrated view of plant–pathogen interactions (2010, background): “thaliana RPS4 proteins localize to both the cell cytoplasm and nucleus, and nuclear accumulation is required for their functio”