Analyses of fabric tensile behaviour: determination of the biaxial tension–strain surfaces and their use in forming simulations

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Mathematical modelling of internal geometry and deformability of woven preforms (2003, background): “More details on the experimental procedure and experimental results on other fabrics can be found in (Boisse et al, 2001a,b).”
Experimental Study of Bending Behaviour of Reinforcements (2010, background): “Because warp and weft yarns are joined 128 by weaving or stitching, the tensile behaviour is biaxial and tensile tests results have 129 been studied in several papers [31,32].”
Full-field strain measurements in textile deformability studies (2008, background): “For example, tension and compression of yarns are coupled during biaxial tension [6,7], shear resistance of a fabric involves a combination of yarn rotation, bending, torsion and compression [8,9], etc.”
Importance of in-plane shear rigidity in finite element analyses of woven fabric composite preforming (2006, methodology): “The simple and consequently numerically efficient four- and threenode 3D membrane elements obtained in this way have given satisfactory results in some fabric forming simulations [ 27 ,28].”