Remarks on the necessity and implications of state-dependence in the black hole interior

By K. Papadodimas, S. Raju. 2015

137 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We revisit the ``state-dependence'' of the map that we proposed recently between bulk operators in the interior of a large anti--de Sitter black hole and operators in the boundary CFT. By refining recent versions of the information paradox, we show that this feature is necessary for the CFT to successfully describe local physics behind the horizon---not only for single-sided black holes but even in the eternal black hole. We show that state-dependence is invisible to an infalling observer who cannot differentiate these operators from those of ordinary quantum effective field theory. Therefore the infalling observer does not observe any violations of quantum mechanics. We successfully resolve a large class of potential ambiguities in our construction. We analyze states where the CFT is entangled with another system and show that the $\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}$ conjecture emerges from our construction in a natural and precise form. We comment on the possible semiclassical origins of state-dependence.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mathematical Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1e20741418b7a2032b7faac64ce203b46796763e

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Citations in the corpus

TASI Lectures on the Emergence of Bulk Physics in AdS/CFT (2017, background): “This idea first appeared in [55], who wanted to use it as part of a (controversial [56, 57, 58]) proposal to reconstruct the interiors of generic black hole microstates.”
Inconsistency of islands in theories with long-range gravity (2021, background): “9) [83] but even these operators are infinitely delocalized and are not relevant for entanglement wedge reconstruction.”
Entanglement wedge reconstruction and the information paradox (2019, background): “Since then, there has been considerable work on understanding whether such state dependence exists and, if so, how it works [34–36].”
Lessons from the information paradox (2020, methodology): “Moreover, as pointed out in [51], the commonly-used RT/HRT formula that relates the entanglement entropy to an area is necessarily state dependent.”
The Ryu–Takayanagi Formula from Quantum Error Correction (2016, background): “Perhaps this requires nonlinear violations of quantum mechanics, as advocated in [36], but perhaps not.”
Quantum chaos and holographic tensor models (2016, background): “See [14] for various previous discussions on the SFF.”