Prevalence and determinants of common perinatal mental disorders in women in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review.

By J. Fisher, Meena Cabral de Mello, Vikram Patel, A. Rahman, T. Tran, S. Holton, W. Holmes. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2012

1,498 citations recorded by the source corpus.

OBJECTIVE To review the evidence about the prevalence and determinants of non-psychotic common perinatal mental disorders (CPMDs) in World Bank categorized low- and lower-middle-income countries. METHODS Major databases were searched systematically for English-language publications on the prevalence of non-psychotic CPMDs and on their risk factors and determinants. All study designs were included. FINDINGS Thirteen papers covering 17 low- and lower-middle-income countries provided findings for pregnant women, and 34, for women who had just given birth. Data on disorders in the antenatal period were available for 9 (8%) countries, and on disorders in the postnatal period, for 17 (15%). Weighted mean prevalence was 15.6% (95% confidence interval, CI: 15.4-15.9) antenatally and 19.8% (19.5-20.0) postnatally. Risk factors were: socioeconomic disadvantage (odds ratio [OR] range: 2.1-13.2); unintended pregnancy (1.6-8.8); being younger (2.1-5.4); being unmarried (3.4-5.8); lacking intimate partner empathy and support (2.0-9.4); having hostile in-laws (2.1-4.4); experiencing intimate partner violence (2.11-6.75); having insufficient emotional and practical support (2.8-6.1); in some settings, giving birth to a female (1.8-2.6), and having a history of mental health problems (5.1-5.6). Protective factors were: having more education (relative risk: 0.5; P = 0.03); having a permanent job (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.4-1.0); being of the ethnic majority (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.8) and having a kind, trustworthy intimate partner (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9). CONCLUSION CPMDs are more prevalent in low- and lower-middle-income countries, particularly among poorer women with gender-based risks or a psychiatric history.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1d594a8af6c282682f3aacd277da8fa47ef2017d

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Citations in the corpus

A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. (2017, background): “low and lower middle income countries (Fisher et al., 2011).”
Social determinants of mental health (2014, neutral): “In low and middle income countries, the prevalence of common mental disorders among women in the perinatal period is estimated to be 16% before birth and 20% postnatally (Fisher et al., 2012).”
Prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety: Systematic review and meta-analysis (2017, background): “69 Together, these findings challenge the idea that women’s mental health is protected by culturally prescribed traditional postpartum rituals.”
Prenatal developmental origins of behavior and mental health: The influence of maternal stress in pregnancy. (2017, methodology): “For instance, in studies using clinical diagnostic tools, 8–12% of pregnant women meet criteria for a mental disorder during pregnancy, commonly an anxiety or mood disorder (Fisher et al., 2012; Howard et al., 2015; Melville et al., 2010).”
Postpartum depression: current status and future directions. (2013, background): “Moreover, the large literature on PPD in low- and lowermiddle-income countries (for recent reviews, see Fisher et al. 2012, Parsons et al. 2012) is not addressed because it is beyond the scope of the present review and because the results of psychosocial studies in these countries often have…”