Bacteria-based self-healing concrete

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Robust Self-Healing Concrete for Sustainable Infrastructure (2012, background): “Bacterial encapsulation has been used to completely regain transport properties in damaged concrete specimens (Jonkers 2011), but the regain in mechanical properties appears minimal (Wang et al.”
Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) and Its Potential in Bioconcrete: Microbiological and Molecular Concepts (2019, background): “Bioconcrete can be defined as the concrete prepared by addition of bacteria with the capacity for precipitation of calcium carbonate (MICP), which aids in sealing the cracks that form in it, which is characterized as a self-healing property (Jonkers, 2011).”
Screening of bacteria and concrete compatible protection materials (2015, background): “So far, the study of the use of expanded clay as encapsulation material for microbial selfhealing concrete was only conducted by replacing the aggregate content by expanded clay (around 50%) [34] which resulted in 50% decrease in compressive strength of the mortar.”
Development of Engineered Self-Healing and Self-Repairing Concrete-State-of-the-Art Report (2012, methodology): “In order to substantially increase the lifetime and associated functionality of concrete incorporated bacteria, Jonkers (2010, 2011) immobilized both bacteria spores and a simultaneously needed organic bio-mineral precursor compound (calcium lactate) by applying a vacuum technique in porous…”