Metal stocks and sustainability

By R. Gordon, M. Bertram, Thomas E. Graedel. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006

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Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment. (2007, background): “Finally, the use of limited resources such as Pt, Pd, and other scarce metals in nanoform might pose a problem because once applied and emitted, these metals are inadvertently lost to mankind because they are dispersed to yield infinitely low concentrations in the environment (Gordon et al., 2006).”
Proposal of a Sustainable Circular Index for Manufacturing Companies (2017, background): “As well as the implications of the fact that most materials extracted from the earth and utilized for economic purposes are not literally ‘consumed’ but become waste residuals that do not disappear and may cause environmental damage and result in unpaid social costs [50], experts have calculated tha”
Dynamic analysis of aluminum stocks and flows in the United States: 1900–2009 (2012, unknown): “(Gerst and Graedel, 2008; Gordon et al., 2006; Hatayama et al., 2009; 2010; Müller et al., 2006; Müller et al., 2011).”
Integrated life-cycle assessment of electricity-supply scenarios confirms global environmental benefit of low-carbon technologies (2014, background): “Meeting copper demand could be problematic due to declining ore grades (21), and it would result in potential increases in the environmental costs of copper production (22, 23).”