A Survey of Stimulation Methods Used in SSVEP-Based BCIs

By Dan-hua Zhu, J. Bieger, G. G. Molina, Ronald M. Aarts. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2010

681 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems based on the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) provide higher information throughput and require shorter training than BCI systems using other brain signals. To elicit an SSVEP, a repetitive visual stimulus (RVS) has to be presented to the user. The RVS can be rendered on a computer screen by alternating graphical patterns, or with external light sources able to emit modulated light. The properties of an RVS (e.g., frequency, color) depend on the rendering device and influence the SSVEP characteristics. This affects the BCI information throughput and the levels of user safety and comfort. Literature on SSVEP-based BCIs does not generally provide reasons for the selection of the used rendering devices or RVS properties. In this paper, we review the literature on SSVEP-based BCIs and comprehensively report on the different RVS choices in terms of rendering devices, properties, and their potential influence on BCI performance, user safety and comfort.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/18f86e260650ff0f2103a685bf368c93cc2e89eb

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In Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

In Cognitive Neuroscience

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Citations in the corpus

The steady-state visual evoked potential in vision research: A review. (2015, methodology): “Better signalprocessing procedures, such as those being developed for brain–computer interfaces, could be applied to studies of visual processing (Davila, Srebro, & Ghaleb, 1998; Friman, Volosyak, & Graser, 2007; Garcia Molina & Zhu, 2011; Zhu et al., 2010).”
Brain Computer Interfaces, a Review (2012, background): “If the stimulus is a pattern, the SSVEP occurs at the reversal rate and at their harmonics [106].”
A Comparison Study of Canonical Correlation Analysis Based Methods for Detecting Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (2015, background): “Although the number of frequencies that can be presented on a computer monitor is limited by the refresh rate, recent progresses of the stimulus presentation meth-ods succeeded in presenting a large number of visual flickers on the computer monitor [6 – 11].”