Epidemiological time series studies of PM2.5 and daily mortality and hospital admissions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
By R. Atkinson, S. Kang, H. R. Anderson, Inga C. Mills, Heather Walton. Thorax, 2014
989 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Background Short-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (particles with a median aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5)) air pollution has been associated with adverse health effects. Existing literature reviews have been limited in size and scope. Methods We conducted a comprehensive, systematic review and meta-analysis of 110 peer-reviewed time series studies indexed in medical databases to May 2011 to assess the evidence for associations between PM2.5 and daily mortality and hospital admissions for a range of diseases and ages. We stratified our analyses by geographical region to determine the consistency of the evidence worldwide and investigated small study bias. Results Based upon 23 estimates for all-cause mortality, a 10 µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was associated with a 1.04% (95% CI 0.52% to 1.56%) increase in the risk of death. Worldwide, there was substantial regional variation (0.25% to 2.08%). Associations for respiratory causes of death were larger than for cardiovascular causes, 1.51% (1.01% to 2.01%) vs 0.84% (0.41% to 1.28%). Positive associations with mortality for most other causes of death and for cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions were also observed. We found evidence for small study bias in single-city mortality studies and in multicity studies of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions The consistency of the evidence for adverse health effects of short-term exposure to PM2.5 across a range of important health outcomes and diseases supports policy measures to control PM2.5 concentrations. However, reasons for heterogeneity in effect estimates in different regions of the world require further investigation. Small study bias should also be considered in assessing and quantifying health risks from PM2.5.
Subfields: Environmental Engineering, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/18f5845f012400485d2b60fb39f8852092b9fd00
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Citations in the corpus
- Using the geographical detector technique to explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on PM2.5 concentrations in China (2019, background): “5 can easily enter the human body and cause serious harm to human health (Madrigano et al., 2013; Sofowote et al., 2015), such as cardiovascular morbidity (Ostro et al., 2014), bronchitis and lung cancer (Chalbot et al., 2014), and mortality (Atkinson et al., 2014).”
- Expert position paper on air pollution and cardiovascular disease. (2015, neutral): “8%) were found.(17) Somewhat weaker associa-”