Spin transfer torque devices utilizing the giant spin Hall effect of tungsten
By C. Pai, Luqiao Liu, Y. Li, H. Tseng, D. Ralph, Robert A. Buhrman. 2012
1,317 citations recorded by the source corpus.
We report a giant spin Hall effect in β-W thin films. Using spin torque induced ferromagnetic resonance with a β-W/CoFeB bilayer microstrip, we determine the spin Hall angle to be |θSHβ-W|=0.30±0.02, large enough for an in-plane current to efficiently reverse the orientation of an in-plane magnetized CoFeB free layer of a nanoscale magnetic tunnel junction adjacent to a thin β-W layer. From switching data obtained with such 3-terminal devices, we independently determine |θSHβ-W|=0.33±0.06. We also report variation of the spin Hall switching efficiency with W layers of different resistivities and hence of variable (α and β) phase composition.
Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1672c29faae2bcf5e02e9d8523f07a5627670136
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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
- Pietro Gambardella
- Axel Hoffmann
- J. Sinova
- T. Jungwirth
- A. Manchon
- M. Chshiev
- Bernard Dieny
- I. Miron
Citations in the corpus
- Spin Hall Effects in Metals (2013, background): “Subsequently, it was shown that W has an ever larger spin Hall angle and can also be used to switch magnetizations in adjacent ferromagnetic layers [18].”
- Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems (2018, background): “soon confirmed by several groups using different magnetic stacks and NM substrates (Avci et al., 2012, 2014b; Emori et al., 2013; Pai et al., 2012; Yu et al., 2014b), as well as AFs (Fukami et al.”
- Highly Efficient Spin-Current Generation by the Spin Hall Effect in Au1−xPtx (2018, background): “75, approximately one fourth that of β-W [9], which represents a considerable improvement of energy efficiency for SOT applications.”
- Stochastic p-bits for Invertible Logic (2016, background): “[48] Chi-Feng Pai, Luqiao Liu, Y Li, HW Tseng, DC Ralph, and RA Buhrman, “Spin transfer torque devices utilizing the giant spin hall effect of tungsten,” Applied Physics Letters 101, 122404 (2012).”
- Interface-Induced Phenomena in Magnetism (2016, neutral): “Microscopically, the simplest description is that each electron in the in-plane charge current is used many times to transfer torque to the ferromagnet [Pai et al., 2012].”