Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

By Uwe-Jens Wiese. 2013

400 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abelian and non‐Abelian gauge theories are of central importance in many areas of physics. In condensed matter physics, Abelian U(1) lattice gauge theories arise in the description of certain quantum spin liquids. In quantum information theory, Kitaev's toric code is a Z(2) lattice gauge theory. In particle physics, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the non‐Abelian SU(3) gauge theory of the strong interactions between quarks and gluons, is non‐perturbatively regularized on a lattice. Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the Wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the real‐time evolution of strongly coupled quantum systems, which are impossible with classical simulation methods. A plethora of interesting lattice gauge theories suggests itself for quantum simulation, which should allow us to address very challenging problems, ranging from confinement and deconfinement, or chiral symmetry breaking and its restoration at finite baryon density, to color superconductivity and the real‐time evolution of heavy‐ion collisions, first in simpler model gauge theories and ultimately in QCD.

Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Condensed Matter Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/13ac64e0f96bbf46e8d55dac4f5e80309aab6f4e

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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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Citations in the corpus

Simulating lattice gauge theories within quantum technologies (2019, neutral): “Regarding the simulation of LGT, a number of proposals have been put forward in the last years [38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46], and have even been realised by a few pioneering experiments [47].”
Lattice gauge theory simulations in the quantum information era (2016, background): “[64]), they keep gauge invariance exact, which is the basic feature we are interested in here.”
Real-time dynamics of lattice gauge theories with a few-qubit quantum computer (2016, methodology): “Our few-qubit demonstration is a first step towards simulating real time dynamics in gauge theories, which is fundamental for the understanding of many physical phenomena including the thermalisation after heavy-ion collisions and pair creation studied at high-intensity laser facilities [6, 18].”
Floquet approach to ℤ2 lattice gauge theories with ultracold atoms in optical lattices (2019, background): “[19] Uwe-Jens Wiese, “Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories,” Ann.”
Observation of many-body scarring in a Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator (2022, background): “A proposal has recently been introduced to extend these setups to (2 + 1)D [59], where a mapping between the U(1) QLM and PXP model does not hold, which would allow one to probe how the scarring regimes discovered in this paper would behave in higher spatial dimensions.”
Quantum Simulation of a Lattice Schwinger Model in a Chain of Trapped Ions (2013, background): “, it consists of all states satisfying the so called Gauss law [29, 60]”
Artificial gauge fields in materials and engineered systems (2017, neutral): “The quantum simulation of dynamical gauge fields is discussed in the reviews [20,21,22].”