Multi-scale mechanical and fracture characteristics and early-age strain capacity of high performance carbon nanotube/cement nanocomposites

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Dispersion of carbon nanotubes and its influence on the mechanical properties of the cement matrix (2012, background): “[10], the addition of short, multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) (l/d = 700) in a concentration of 0.”
The relationship between cellulose nanocrystal dispersion and strength (2016, background): “[25,26] have demonstrated that WRA can help the dispersion in conjunction with sonication.”
Nanotechnology in concrete – A review (2010, positive): “Further investigation using nanoindentation found that the CNTs modified the C–S–H, increasing the quantity of high stiffness C– S–H, reinforcing the cement paste matrix at the nanoscale, and decreasing the porosity [141].”
Carbon nanotube–cement composites: A retrospect (2011, neutral): “2010a , 2010b , Manzur and Yazdani 2010 , Morsy et al .”
On the aspect ratio effect of multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforcements on the mechanical properties of cementitious nanocomposites (2012, background): “[16–19]) have investigated the integration of various concentrations (as low as 0.”
Nano-modification of cementitious material: toward a stronger and durable concrete (2016, methodology): “[28] achieved effective dispersion of CNTs by applying ultrasonic energy along with the use of a surfactant (SFC) and observed that beyond the necessity for ultrasonication, there is an optimum ratio of surfactant to CNTs for good dispersion.”