Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions in Middle East and North African Countries

By Mohamed Arouri, Adel Ben Youssef, H. M’henni, Christophe Rault. Social Science Research Network, 2012

1,027 citations recorded by the source corpus.

This article extends the recent findings of Liu (2005), Ang (2007), Apergis et al. (2009) and Payne (2010) by implementing recent bootstrap panel unit root tests and cointegration techniques to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, and real GDP for 12 Middle East and North African Countries (MENA) over the period 1981–2005. Our results show that in the long-run energy consumption has a positive significant impact on CO2 emissions. More interestingly, we show that real GDP exhibits a quadratic relationship with CO2 emissions for the region as a whole. However, although the estimated long-run coefficients of income and its square satisfy the EKC hypothesis in most studied countries, the turning points are very low in some cases and very high in other cases, hence providing poor evidence in support of the EKC hypothesis. CO2 emission reductions per capita have been achieved in the MENA region, even while the region exhibited economic growth over the period 1981–2005. The econometric relationships derived in this paper suggest that future reductions in CO2 emissions per capita might be achieved at the same time as GDP per capita in the MENA region continues to grow.

Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Pollution, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/11ff3a74976ac3f286636c541936311b9914d05c

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Citations in the corpus

CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth nexus in MENA countries: Evidence from simultaneous equations models (2013, positive): “For example, Soytas and Sari (2009) and Ang (2007) found this relationship for Turkey; and Arouri et al. (2012) for MENA countries.”
The nexus between carbon emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in Middle East countries: A panel data analysis (2013, background): “In addition, to the best of our knowledge, there are few panel studies (see for instance, Arouri et al., 2012; Haggar, 2012; Jaunky, 2011) that have taken into account both cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity issues while testing the EKC hypothesis.”
Trade Openness and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Belt and Road Countries (2019, background): “[38] investigated the nexus between real income, energy usage, and CO2 emissions for 12 MENA countries between 1981 and 2005.”
Renewable Energy Consumption and Agriculture: Evidence for Cointegration and Granger causality for Tunisian Economy (2017, background): “…or international trade (Ajmi et al., 2013; Al-mulali, et al., 2014; Ang, 2007; Apergis and Ozturk, 2015; Apergis and Payne, 2010a, 2010b, 2011; Arouri et al., 2012; Belloumi, 2009; Ben Jebli and Ben Youssef, 2015a, 2015b; Ben Jebli et al., 2015; Chebbi et al., 2011; Chouaibi and Abdessalem,…”
Foreign direct Investment–CO2 emissions nexus in Middle East and North African countries: Importance of biomass energy consumption (2019, background): “Economic growth patterns driven by intensive energy use and foreign investment in dirty industries have led to degradation (Arouri et al., 2012; Omri, 2013; Farhani and Shahbaz, 2014; Sinha and Sen, 2016; Kahia et al., 2017; Paramati et al., 2017).”