The effects of farming system and fertilisers on pests and natural enemies: A synthesis of current research

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Cascading extinctions as a hidden driver of insect decline (2020, background): “This may be common in temperate agricultural systems because they are often irrigated and fertilised, making them highly productive and therefore hosting large densities of insect pests (Garratt et al., 2011; Butler et al., 2012).”
Land‐use intensity and the effects of organic farming on biodiversity: a hierarchical meta‐analysis (2014, background): “We distinguished between different land-use types: field (annual and perennial crops, ley, grazed ley), pasture (perennial grassland used for grazing), forest (including clear-cuts), wetland, water, rural, urban and permanent line elements (e.g. ditches, hedge rows, roads etc.).”
Evidence that organic farming promotes pest control (2018, background): “The positive effect of organic farming on biological control potential that we found indicates that the enhanced abundance and diversity of natural enemies in organic fields that has previously been observed 15–18 probably result in the provision of higher levels of biological control services.”