When what you type isn’t what they read: The perseverance of stereotypes and expectancies over e-mail

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The advisor robot: tracing people's mental model from a robot's physical attributes (2006, background): “We speculate, with some justification in recent research [9], that, if the robot is physically present, people’s mental model will be richer and less stereotypic than if the robot is presented online.”
Theories of Computer-Mediated Communication and Interpersonal Relations (2011, background): “In a similar vein, Epley and Kruger (2005) argued that e-mail's lack of nonverbal cues prevents users from deciphering others' individual characteristics following the presentation of a false pre-interaction expectancy about a pending conversational partner.”
Mirror, Mirror on my Facebook Wall: Effects of Exposure to Facebook on Self-Esteem (2011, unknown): “Furthermore, research in computer-mediated communication has found that information online is often over-interpreted relative to the same information provided offline,(17) leading to exaggerated or stereotyped impressions.(18) Is it possible that this same process could occur for impressions of the ”