Rapid Consolidation to a radish and Protein Synthesis-Dependent Long-Term Memory after Single-Session Appetitive Olfactory Conditioning in Drosophila

By M. Krashes, S. Waddell. 2008

273 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In Drosophila, formation of aversive olfactory long-term memory (LTM) requires multiple training sessions pairing odor and electric shock punishment with rest intervals. In contrast, here we show that a single 2 min training session pairing odor with a more ethologically relevant sugar reinforcement forms long-term appetitive memory that lasts for days. Appetitive LTM has some mechanistic similarity to aversive LTM in that it can be disrupted by cycloheximide, the dCreb2-b transcriptional repressor, and the crammer and tequila LTM-specific mutations. However, appetitive LTM is completely disrupted by the radish mutation that apparently represents a distinct mechanistic phase of consolidated aversive memory. Furthermore, appetitive LTM requires activity in the dorsal paired medial neuron and mushroom body α′β′ neuron circuit during the first hour after training and mushroom body αβ neuron output during retrieval, suggesting that appetitive middle-term memory and LTM are mechanistically linked. Last, experiments feeding and/or starving flies after training reveals a critical motivational drive that enables appetitive LTM retrieval.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Immunology, Insect Science

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Citations in the corpus

Mushroom body output neurons encode valence and guide memory-based action selection in Drosophila (2014, background): “Two memory processes that are thought to rely on different molecular and circuit mechanisms, anesthesia resistant memory and anesthesia sensitive memory, contribute to memory at this retention time (Dudai et al., 1976; Folkers et al., 1993; Isabel et al., 2004; Krashes and Waddell, 2008; Aso et al.,”
Dopamine Is Required for Learning and Forgetting in Drosophila (2012, positive): “Appetitive olfactory memory experiments were performed as described (Krashes and Waddell, 2008).”
Sweet Taste and Nutrient Value Subdivide Rewarding Dopaminergic Neurons in Drosophila (2015, methodology): “Appetitive memory was assayed as described [22] with the following modifications.”
Reward signal in a recurrent circuit drives appetitive long-term memory formation (2015, unknown): “…to uncover the mechanisms underlying such integration of information, as a single presentation of nutritious sugar and an odor drives robust short-term memory (STM) and LTM, while non-nutritious sugar induces only STM (Krashes and Waddell, 2008; Colomb et al., 2009; Burke and Waddell, 2011).”
Activity of Defined Mushroom Body Output Neurons Underlies Learned Olfactory Behavior in Drosophila (2015, methodology): “We first tested immediate memory performance following sucrose-reinforced appetitive conditioning (Tempel et al., 1983; Krashes and Waddell, 2008).”
System-like consolidation of olfactory memories in Drosophila (2013, background): “For this, we imposed synaptic blockade during retrieval using the 247-gal4 transgene, which drives expression in both subsets of MBNs. Complete impairment of appetitive STM/ITM and LTM was observed when / and MBNs were blocked during retrieval (Fig.”
Do the right thing: neural network mechanisms of memory formation, expression and update in Drosophila (2018, background): “Once consolidation is complete, intervention no longer affects memory [38,39,43,45].”
A single pair of neurons links sleep to memory consolidation in Drosophila melanogaster (2015, background): “…in mammals is highly complex and distributed, in the fly it is quite compact: the DPM neurons, a single pair of neurons innervating all of the MB lobes, are the mediators of consolidation for odor memories (Waddell et al., 2000; Keene et al., 2004, 2006; Yu et al., 2005; Krashes and Waddell, 2008).”
Transposition Driven Genomic Heterogeneity in the Drosophila Brain: A Dissertation (2012, unknown): “Current understanding suggests the γ neurons play a role in short- term memory (Blum et al., 2009; Trannoy et al., 2011) whereas the α’β’ neurons are required to drive memory consolidation (Krashes et al., 2007; Krashes and Waddell, 2008).”
Pain-relief learning in flies, rats, and man: basic research and applied perspectives (2014, background): “ISSN 1549-5485/14; www.learnmem.org 232 Learning & Memory”
A neural circuit mechanism integrating motivational state with memory expression in Drosophila (2009, methodology): “The mushroom body (MB) in the fly brain is a critical site for appetitive memory (Schwaerzel et al., 2003; Keene et al., 2006; Krashes and Waddell, 2008).”
Neuronal mechanisms underlying innate and learned olfactory processing in Drosophila. (2019, background): “, odor+food LTM arises from a 285 single pairing, whereas odor+shock LTM requires multiple spaced training trials) [88-90].”
Different Kenyon Cell Populations Drive Learned Approach and Avoidance in Drosophila (2013, methodology): “MB abc Are Required for Retrieval in a Differential Aversive Learning Paradigm Appetitive memories are more stable than aversive memories formed after a single training session (Tempel et al., 1983; Krashes and Waddell, 2008; Colomb et al., 2009).”