A novel ZnO nanoparticle blended polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for anti-irreversible fouling

By Shuai Liang, K. Xiao, Yinghui Mo, Xia Huang. 2012

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A review of reverse osmosis membrane fouling and control strategies. (2017, background): “, 2012), metal oxide nanoparticles (Liang et al., 2012), and so on.”
Development of polysulfone-nanohybrid membranes using ZnO-GO composite for enhanced antifouling and antibacterial control (2017, background): “higher permeability, rejection capability, porosity, hydrophilicity and enhanced antifouling properties [11],[12],[13].”
Organosilane-functionalized graphene oxide for enhanced antifouling and mechanical properties of polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membranes (2014, background): “The incorporation of GO and f-GO increases the solution thermodynamic instability in the gelation bath (nonsolvent), which promotes a rapid phase demixing, resulting in large pore formation in low amount of the additives on the membrane surface [32].”
Synthesis and applications of ZnO nanostructures (ZONSs): a review (2021, background): “samples with top, bottom and cross-sectional views are illustrated in Figure 5.([95]) El-feky et al.”
Synergetic effects of oxidized carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide on fouling control and anti-fouling mechanism of polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membranes (2013, background): “In addition, the 5:5 (GO/ OMWCNTs) membranes have the biggest pore density which is good for the permeation of membranes [34].”