Sex Differences in Attachment Emerge in Middle Childhood: An Evolutionary Hypothesis

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The Evolution of Culturally-Variable Sex Differences: Men and Women Are Not Always Different, but When They Are…It Appears Not to Result from Patriarchy or Sex Role Socialization (2015, background): “Some psychological sex differences are not established before birth, of course, and instead result from activational effects that emerge in early childhood (Del Giudice and Belsky 2010; Ellis 2004) or at puberty (Galambos et al. 2009; Hyde et al. 2008; Ruigrok et al. 2013).”
Middle Childhood: An Evolutionary‐Developmental Synthesis (2014, background): “At the same time, attachment styles begin to diverge between males and females, with insecurely attached boys becoming more avoidant and insecure girls becoming more preoccupied/ambivalent (Del Giudice, 2009; Del Giudice & Belsky, 2010).”
The Development of Human Reproductive Strategies (2012, background): “…contested by some (van IJzendoorn & Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2010), it will not prove amenable to empirical adjudication until adrenarcheal status, rather than mere chronological age, is measured and its relation to attachment security in middle childhood is determined (Del Giudice & Belsky, 2010).”
The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivity (2010, unknown): “Del Giudice and Belsky (2010b) proposed that LH strategies develop in a sequential, multi-stage fashion, whereby early experiences shift development on alternative pathways with the possibility of later “revision.””