Whitebark pine decline: Infection, mortality, and population trends

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Whitebark pine and white pine blister rust in the Rocky Mountains of Canada and northern Montana (2008, background): “…and central parts of the study area compare closely to those of previous studies (Kendall et al. 1996; Stuart-Smith 1998; Campbell and Antos 2000; Kendall and Keane 2001; Zeglen 2002), this study shows higher mortality and infection levels of whitebark pine in the southern part of the study…”
Macronutrient optimization and energy maximization determine diets of brown bears (2014, background): “High-lipid foods are not available in many ecosystems and are decreasing in others (e.g., whitebark pine nuts in the northern Rocky Mountains [Kendall and Keane 2001]).”