ACTN3 genotype is associated with human elite athletic performance.

By N. Yang, Daniel G. MacArthur, J. Gulbin, A. Hahn, Alan H. Beggs, Simon Easteal, K. North. American Journal of Human Genetics, 2003

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Endurance running and the evolution of Homo (2004, background): “The high percentage of slow-twitch muscle fibres necessary for endurance running may have originated in humans from a novel null mutation of the ACTN3 gen”
Fiber types in mammalian skeletal muscles. (2011, background): “This mutation does not result in any disease phenotype; in contrast, it may predispose to better endurance exercise performance, as shown by the slightly higher frequency of the X variant in endurance elite athletes and of the R variant in elite sprint athletes, a difference that is statistically si”
A gene for speed? The evolution and function of α‐actinin‐3 (2004, background): “The results of this study((13)) are summarised in Fig.”
The Importance of Muscular Strength: Training Considerations (2018, neutral): “However, the mechanisms that improve muscular strength are considered multifactorial and can be influenced by other confounders such as initial strength [9], training status [10], and genetics [11].”
Web-Based, Participant-Driven Studies Yield Novel Genetic Associations for Common Traits (2010, background): “For example, a survey examining perceived performance in sprint versus long-distance races was placed on a web page within 23andme.com where customers were shown their genotype for rs1815739 (a SNP in ACTN3 [14]).”