Quantum many-body systems out of equilibrium

By Jens Eisert, M. Friesdorf, Christian Gogolin. Nature Physics, 2014

1,122 citations recorded by the source corpus.

How do closed quantum many-body systems driven out of equilibrium eventually achieve equilibration? And how do these systems thermalize, given that they comprise so many degrees of freedom? Progress in answering these—and related—questions has accelerated in recent years—a trend that can be partially attributed to success with experiments performing quantum simulations using ultracold atoms and trapped ions. Here we provide an overview of this progress, specifically in studies probing dynamical equilibration and thermalization of systems driven out of equilibrium by quenches, ramps and periodic driving. In doing so, we also address topics such as the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, typicality, transport, many-body localization and universality near phase transitions, as well as future prospects for quantum simulation. Statistical mechanics is adept at describing the equilibria of quantum many-body systems. But drive these systems out of equilibrium, and the physics is far from clear. Recent advances have broken new ground in probing these equilibration processes.

Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0aadfbc43e31a807a7bce67ed7586cf0e73ef78a

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Citations in the corpus

Quantum quenches in 1 + 1 dimensional conformal field theories (2016, background): “There are already excellent reviews on some aspects of the subject [35, 36, 37, 38] and a few more are present in this special volume.”
Quantum Many-Body Scars: A Quasiparticle Perspective (2022, background): “The proximity to integrability further guarantees that the dynamical response of the integrable model survives for a parametrically long time (159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165).”
Geometry of quantum phase transitions (2019, background): “One of the most popular approach [375] considers a large, ideally infinite, system which is initially kept in an equilibrium state.”
Drude Weight for the Lieb-Liniger Bose Gas (2017, background): “(3.4) A generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE) is specified by some density function f(v) independent of x. Microscopically this means that the hard rods have uniform density and independent velocities with probability density function ρ−1f(v).”
High-harmonic spectroscopy of ultrafast many-body dynamics in strongly correlated systems (2017, background): “systems, such as pre-thermalization and the formation of extended Gibbs ensembles [26], superfluid to Mott insulator 35 transition [27], to name but a few.”
Entanglement certification from theory to experiment (2018, methodology): “[189] Jens Eisert, M.”