A white-box machine learning approach for revealing antibiotic mechanisms of action

By Jason H. Yang, Sarah N. Wright, Meagan Hamblin, D. McCloskey, M. A. Alcantar, Lars Schrübbers, A. Lopatkin, Sangeeta Satish, A. Nili, Bernhard O. Palsson and 2 more. 2019

285 citations recorded by the source corpus.

SUMMARY Current machine learning techniques enable robust association of biological signals with measured phenotypes, but these approaches are incapable of identifying causal relationships. Here we develop an integrated “white-box” biochemical screening, network modeling and machine learning approach for revealing causal mechanisms and apply this approach towards understanding antibiotic efficacy. We counter-screen diverse metabolites against bactericidal antibiotics in Escherichia coli and simulate their corresponding metabolic states using a genome-scale metabolic network model. Regression of the measured screening data on model simulations reveals that purine biosynthesis participates in antibiotic lethality, which we validate experimentally. We show that antibiotic-induced adenine limitation increases ATP demand, which elevates central carbon metabolism activity and oxygen consumption, enhancing the killing effects of antibiotics. This work demonstrates how prospective network modeling can couple with machine learning to identify complex causal mechanisms underlying drug efficacy.

Subfields: Computational Theory and Mathematics, Molecular Biology

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In Computational Theory and Mathematics

Jun Sese

In Molecular Biology

Citations in the corpus

Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Oncology: Towards the Establishment of Precision Medicine (2020, methodology): “Interpretable models: machine learning using originally interpretable models (to improve the accuracy of white-box machine learning) [166,167].”