Physicochemical, mineralogical, and morphological characteristics of concrete exposed to elevated temperatures

By S. K. Handoo, S. Agarwal. 2002

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Compressive strength and microstructural analysis of fly ash/palm oil fuel ash based geopolymer mortar under elevated temperatures (2014, background): “Although ordinary Portland cement has adequate strength to resist fire in normal cases and can even be used as fire resistant cover for steel constructional elements, at elevated temperature it shows physical and chemical changes followed by deterioration in mechanical properties of the material [1,”
Phase transformations and mechanical strength of OPC/Slag pastes submitted to high temperatures (2007, background): “Following scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis on samples exposed to temperatures between 600–8008C, significant changes in the morphology of heat-affected concrete were found, due to the predominance of microcracks and voids thereby increasing the porosity of concrete, deformed Ca(OH)2 cryst”
Effect of nano-silica on the hydration and microstructure development of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with a low binder amount (2014, background): “As commonly known, the hydrated cement paste subjected to an elevated temperature loses the free water, dehydrates and the hydrated products are transferred [39–44].”
Activation of liberated concrete fines and their application in mortars (2014, unknown): “[12] found by employing a scanning electron microscopy analysis that the morphological changes of the C–S–H gel take place mainly at a temperature higher than 600 C.”