Why does the quark–gluon plasma at RHIC behave as a nearly ideal fluid?
By E. Shuryak. 2003
366 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract This article gives a brief review in the following areas. (i) Collective flow phenomena in heavy ion collisions. The data from RHIC indicate robust collective flows, well described by hydrodynamics with the expected equation of state. The transport properties turned out to be unexpected, with very small viscosity. (ii) The physics of highly excited matter produced in heavy ion collisions at T c T T c , different from that of weakly coupled quark–gluon plasma because of the relatively strong coupling generating bound states of quasiparticles. (iii) Wider discussion of other “strongly coupled systems”, including strongly coupled supersymmetric theories studied via Maldacena duality, as well as recent progress as regards trapped atoms with very large scattering lengths.
Subfields: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/086ed7e9b37e2638b18bc17af56f6736db2afd99
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In Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Citations in the corpus
- Nonlinear fluid dynamics from gravity (2007, neutral): “24 56 v4 [ ∗sayanta@theory.tifr.res.in †veronika.hubeny@durham.ac.uk ‡minwalla@theory.tifr.res.in §mukund.rangamani@durham.ac.uk Contents”
- Viscosity, Black Holes, and Quantum Field Theory (2007, background): “Interestingly, some model calculations suggest that the viscosity at RHIC may be not too far away from the lower bound [36,37].”
- Boost invariant flow, black hole formation, and far-from-equilibrium dynamics in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory (2009, background): “Nevertheless, aspects of this process involving strongly coupled dynamics can be studied in a controlled setting in a class of theories which describe non-Abelian plasmas similar to the QGP, and which possess dual gravitational descriptions.”
- Entropy current in conformal hydrodynamics (2008, neutral): “(2)See for example,[3, 4, 5, 6, 7] and references therein.”
- String theory and quantum chromodynamics (2007, background): “There is evidence that a thermally equilibrated QGP is formed in such collisions, with temperatures that range approximately between Tdec and 2Tdec [28].”
- Coupling constant dependence of the shear viscosity in N=4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory (2004, methodology): “On the other hand, hydrodynamic models used to describe elliptic flows observed in recent heavy ion collision experiments at RHIC seem to favor small values of the ratio η/s [6, 7, 8].”
- Holographic melting and related properties of mesons in a quark-gluon plasma (2006, background): “The decrease of the mass is in qualitative agreement with results from other models and experiments [9], though one should be cautious since the latter are not in the large-N limit.”
- Thermalization with a chemical potential from AdS spaces (2012, background): “Quark gluon plasma (QGP) has become a subject of considerable interest after the results from RHIC and LHC experiments of heavy ion collisions, from where it is possible to draw the conclusion that the system behaves like an ideal fluid with a small shear viscosity over entropy density ratio (η/s) [”
- Viscosity in strongly interacting quantum field theories from black hole physics. (2005, background): “There are experimental hints that the viscosity of the QGP at temperatures achieved by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is surprisingly small, possibly close to saturating the viscosity bound [26].”
- Observation of the Dirac fluid and the breakdown of the Wiedemann-Franz law in graphene (2015, background): “Hydrodynamics has been successfully applied to a diverse array of interacting quantum systems, from high mobility electrons in conductors [2], to cold atoms [3] and quarkgluon plasmas [4].”
- Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions: General Aspects and Recent Developments (2016, background): “Assuming that thermalization is achieved in the early stages of heavy-ion collisions and that the interaction between the quarks is strong enough to maintain local thermodynamic equilibrium during the subsequent expansion, the time evolution of the QGP and hadronic matter can be described by the law”