The effects of various pulping conditions on crystalline structure of cellulose in cotton linters

By E. Gümüşkaya, M. Usta, H. Kirci. 2003

206 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract In this study, we investigated that how the crystalline structure of cellulose in cotton linters changed during soda, sulfate and organosolve pulping processes by using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. It was defined that crystalline structure of cellulose in cotton linters was more effected in organosolve pulping than in soda and sulfate pulping. It was found that the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size were higher in organosolve pulping than in soda and sulfate pulping. While cellulose I α (triclinic) was determined in all organosolve pulp samples, this unit cell structure was defined in only sulfate pulp samples obtained at 130 °C among other pulp samples. It was concluded that not only chemical agents, but also temperature and pressure in cooking digester had major effects on crystalline structure of cellulose in cotton linters during cooking.

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Citations in the corpus

• Native Cellulose: Structure, Characterization and Thermal Properties (2014, background): “The rigidity of cellulose fibers increases and their flexibility decreases with increasing the ratio of crystalline to amorphous regions [10].”
• Spherical cellulose nanoparticles preparation from waste cotton using a green method (2014, background): “Obtained spectra were normalized to the absorbance of the band at 2902 cm−1 due to any obtained changes in this band among all examined samples [35].”
• Isolation of cellulose nanocrystals from onion skin and their utilization for the preparation of agar-based bio-nanocomposites films (2015, methodology): “The crystallinity index (CI) was calculated by the following equation (Gumuskaya et al. 2003): CI = I200 Iam I200 ð1Þ”
• Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance (2010, background): “The width of the crystalline peak (002) at half height has been directly related to crystallite size and calculated to be about 4 to 7 nm in most references [14,17,21,28].”
• Development of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in direct, non-destructive, and rapid determination of cotton fiber maturity (2011, methodology): “The wavenumbers (708 and 730 cm (1)) utilized in this study are close enough to those (710 and 750 cm (1)) stated in the literature.(22,25,26) Here R2 is the intensity ratio and I800, I730, and I708 are twopoint averages of the intensities at 800, 730, and 708 cm (1), respectively.”
• Structural Characteristics and Thermal Properties of Native Cellulose (2013, methodology): “3) was the empirical method proposed by Segal [13,15]:”