Accurate efficiency determination and stability studies of conjugated polymer/fullerene solar cells

By J. Kroon, M. M. Wienk, W. Verhees, J. Hummelen. 2002

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Organic photovoltaic materials and devices (2002, background): “Such degradation may eventually be recovered [103]; • structurally: low-Tg materials may reorganise, recrystallise, or diffuse one into another, owing to repeated heating and cooling in outdoor conditions [104]; • electrodes: they can react with the molecules, metal diffusion from ITO into polymers ”
Small Bandgap Polymers for Organic Solar Cells (Polymer Material Development in the Last 5 Years) (2008, background): “24–26 Where the output power P out of a solar cell is easily determined by measuring the current‐voltage (I‐V) characteristic and finding the maximum of the product of current times voltage, the input power P in , is more difficult to determine.”
Reproducible manufacturing of dye‐sensitized solar cells on a semi‐automated baseline (2003, methodology): “Spectral mismatch was taken into account using methods decribed elsewhere.(14,15) Relaxation time of the devices after processing and before measuring is set to 1 h.”
Organic solar cells: An overview (2004, background): “The stability of organic solar cells is mainly affected by photodegradation of the active materials.(60,96,97) However, encapsulation techniques as applied in organic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can provide an efficient sealing against oxidizing agents, but still a high intrinsic photostability of ”