Microglial signatures and their role in health and disease

By O. Butovsky, Howard L. Weiner. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2018

821 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Microglia are the primary innate immune cells in the CNS. In the healthy brain, they exhibit a unique molecular homeostatic ‘signature’, consisting of a specific transcriptional profile and surface protein expression pattern, which differs from that of tissue macrophages. In recent years, there have been a number of important advances in our understanding of the molecular signatures of homeostatic microglia and disease-associated microglia that have provided insight into how these cells are regulated in health and disease and how they contribute to the maintenance of the neural environment. Technological advances have allowed the molecular ‘signatures’ of microglia to be characterized, providing insight into their roles in CNS function. Weiner and Butovsky discuss the plasticity of these signatures in health and disease and consider the mechanisms underlying their establishment, maintenance and regulation.

Subfields: Immunology, Neurology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/06b85485b0376c63afcb4391ad2551d9a4da8702

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In Immunology

1. V. Perry
2. Eran Elinav

In Neurology

1. V. Perry
2. C. Cunningham
3. R. Ransohoff

In Physiology

1. V. Perry
2. Bradley T. Hyman
3. E. Karran
4. T. Saido
5. D. Zheng
6. Eran Elinav
7. B. de Strooper
8. C. Cunningham

Citations in the corpus

• Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease (2020, background): “Microglia are among the primary innate immune cells in the CNS, and are instrumental in CNS immune defense and contribute to brain development and homeostasis.(239) The microbiota contributes to microglia homeostasis, potentially mediated by signaling through SCFAs.”
• Overview of General and Discriminating Markers of Differential Microglia Phenotypes (2020, background): “…(2014), Lorenz et al. (2015) and Mukherjee et al. (2019) FCRLS Fc receptor-like S, scavenger receptor involved in microglial maintenance Butovsky and Weiner (2018) Sirpα signal regulatory protein alpha CD172a, SHPS-1, BIT inhibitory receptor; interacts with a broadly expressed CD47; also called…”
• The Major Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease: Age, Sex, and Genes Modulate the Microglia Response to Aβ Plaques (2019, background): “These branching trajectories broadly match the old classification of microglia as resting (M0), proinflammatory (M1), and pro-resolution (M2) microglia, but they also indicate that microglial phenotypes are highly dynamic (Butovsky and Weiner, 2018; Friedman et al., 2018; KerenShaul et al., 2017; Mr”