Reproductive compatibility among four global populations of the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (Dinophyceae)

By S. Blackburn, C. Bolch, K. Haskard, G. Hallegraeff. 2001

143 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract Reproductive compatibility was examined among 21 strains of Gymnodinium catenatum derived from four different populations from across the globe: Tasmania, Australia (15 strains), Japan (2 strains), Spain (2 strains) and Portugal (2 strains). Pairwise crossing of strains demonstrated extensive intrapopulation compatibility (to resting cyst formation) among all four populations. The observations were most consistent with a heterothallic, multiple-group mating system, requiring more than two groups to explain the pairwise crossing data. Despite the ability of strains from different populations to produce resting cysts, the viability of progeny was highly variable among interpopulation crosses. Cysts from all crosses showed a high germination percentage (93–100%) and released a swimming planomeiocyte. Crosses between different Tasmanian strains, and those between Spanish and Japanese strains, showed high post-meiotic viability (65% and 80%, respectively). However, progeny from Tasmanian–Spanish and Tasmanian–Japanese crosses showed very low post-meiotic viability (5–10%), indicating a higher level of somatic incompatibility between these populations. Significant differences in sexual life-history (e.g. rate of gamete formation and cyst dormancy) were also noted between interpopulation crosses, suggesting genetically determined strain- and population-level differences. The crossing data indicate a high level of mating diversity within the Australian population and show that the Japanese and Spanish populations are more closely related to each other than to Australian populations; this is supported by molecular studies. Implications for the proposed global dispersal of G. catenatum and the use of interbreeding to examine population relationships are discussed. New measures are proposed for examining strain (RCs) and population (RCp) levels of reproductive compatibility, respectively, which are calculated as the product of proportion of successful matings (termed the compatibility index) and the number of cysts produced (average vigour) in successful crosses.

Subfields: Environmental Chemistry, Oceanography

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/068edaab4a7461bbad0abb47b4d6a7317c83ba58

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In Environmental Chemistry

1. E. Garcés
2. M. D. DE SALAS
3. Marina Montresor
4. P. Nichols
5. R. Figueroa
6. I. Bravo
7. C. Bolch
8. G. Hallegraeff

In Oceanography

1. M. D. DE SALAS
2. Marina Montresor
3. E. Garcés
4. P. Nichols
5. R. Figueroa
6. I. Bravo
7. C. Bolch
8. G. Hallegraeff

Citations in the corpus

• ALEXANDRIUM TAMUTUM SP. NOV. (DINOPHYCEAE): A NEW NONTOXIC SPECIES IN THE GENUS ALEXANDRIUM 1 (2004, background): “An alternative hypothesis is the presence of multiple mating types in A. tamutum as in A. tamarense and Gymnodinium catenatum Graham (Destombe and Cembella 1990, Blackburn et al. 2001).”
• The phylogeny of the genus Nannochloropsis (Monodopsidaceae, Eustigmatophyceae), with descriptions of N. australis sp. nov. and Microchloropsis gen. nov. (2015, methodology): “Strains of Nannochloropsis from the ANACC (Table 1) were cultured in either f/2 (Guillard 1975) or GSe (Blackburn et al. 2001) media at 208C with cool-white fluorescent illumination at about 25 lmol photons m 2 s 1 with a 14:10 light:dark photoperiod.”
• Lipid and fatty acid yield of nine stationary-phase microalgae: Applications and unusual C24–C28 polyunsaturated fatty acids (2005, methodology): “The proportion and yield of TAG in Amphidinium sp. were approximately eight times higher when cultured in fE medium compared with GSe medium.”
• Comparative study of the life cycles of Alexandrium tamutum and Alexandrium minutum (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) in culture 1 (2007, background): “To the well-known species Gymnodinium catenatum L. W. Graham (Blackburn et al. 2001) and the related Gymnodinium nolleri Ellegaard et Moestrup (Figueroa and Bravo 2005a), we now add the cases of A. minutum and A. tamutum.”
• Global toxicology, ecophysiology and population relationships of the chainforming PST dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (2012, background): “The highest progeny viability was found from crosses between Tasmanian strains, and from Japan with Spanish crosses (Blackburn et al., 2001).”
• MULTIPLE ROUTES OF SEXUALITY IN ALEXANDRIUM TAYLORI (DINOPHYCEAE) IN CULTURE 1 (2006, background): “On the other hand, some dinoflagellate species have dormancy periods shorter than 1 month (Blackburn et al. 1989, 2001, Figueroa et al. 2005), indicating that cysts are more related to a rapid shift between benthic and planktonic stages than to the seasonal dynamics of the bloom events (Hallegraeff…”
• LIPID, FATTY ACID, AND STEROL COMPOSITION OF EIGHT SPECIES OF KARENIACEAE (DINOPHYTA): CHEMOTAXONOMY AND PUTATIVE LIPID PHYCOTOXINS 1 (2007, methodology): “Cultures were grown in duplicate or triplicate in 250 mL polycarbonate screw-top containers, inoculated with 50 mL stock culture and made up to 200 mL with GSe medium (Blackburn et al. 2001).”
• A review of the molecular evidence for ballast water introduction of the toxic dinoflagellates Gymnodinium catenatum and the Alexandrium “tamarensis complex” to Australasia (2007, methodology): “b Blackburn et al. (2001).”