Income Inequality, Competitive Balance and the Attractiveness of Team Sports: Some Evidence and a Natural Experiment from English Soccer

By Stefan Szymanski. 2001

283 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Gender Studies, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/067b947c029f6cbdd8cfce1a09b2909dda7992dc

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Citations in the corpus

Spectator Demand, Uncertainty of Results, and Public Interest (2018, background): “The argument is that a collective selling method would better promote financial equality among member clubs and therefore promote competitive balance in the league (Szymanski, 2001).”
Goal! Profit Maximization Versus Win Maximization in Soccer (2009, background): “Szymanski 2001 ), so that the economic consequences of relegation from the FAPL are dramatic.”
Stadium Attendance Demand Research: A Scoping Review (2021, background): “…more than 15 citations per year (e.g., Garcı́a & Rodrı́guez, 2002; Forrest & Simmons, 2002; Cox, 2018; Coates et al., 2014; Pawlowski & Anders, 2012; Szymanski, 2001), three of them for a period of about 20 years.17 In contrast, we count a total of 47 manuscripts, roughly a quarter of all…”
Top Clubs’ Performance and the Competitive Situation in European Domestic Football Competitions (2010, background): “In sports like football, where drawn games are possible and common, winning percentage might be a biased indicator.2 Although Szymanski (2001) argued that winning percentage is still a reliable indicator of success in English football, the CB measures used here depend on the points scored in a…”
Financial fair play in European football (2014, background): “…below them, and below that lies a whole range of amateur and recreational 5 There is a large literature on the relationship between competitive balance and demand both in theory (see e.g. Szymanski, 2001) and empirically (see e.g. Borland and MacDonald, 2003; Garcia and Rodriguez, 2002). football.”
Competitive balance versus competitive intensity before a match: is one of these two concepts more relevant in explaining attendance? The case of the French football Ligue 1 over the period 2008–2011 (2013, background): “Competitive balance: the two lines of literature In professional sports economics, the concept of competitive balance is currently well documented (Kesenne, 2000; Szymanski, 2001, 2003; Humphreys, 2002; Zimbalist, 2002; Fort and Maxcy, 2003; Groot, 2008; Lee, 2010).”