Toward Intelligent Metasurfaces: The Progress from Globally Tunable Metasurfaces to Software‐Defined Metasurfaces with an Embedded Network of Controllers
By O. Tsilipakos, A. Tasolamprou, A. Pitilakis, Fu Liu, Xuchen Wang, M. Mirmoosa, Dimitrios C. Tzarouchis, S. Abadal, Hamidreza Taghvaee, C. Liaskos and 12 more. Advanced Optical Materials, 2020
186 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Metasurfaces, the ultrathin, 2D version of metamaterials, have recently attracted a surge of attention for their capability to manipulate electromagnetic waves. Recent advances in reconfigurable and programmable metasurfaces have greatly extended their scope and reach into practical applications. Such functional sheet materials can have enormous impact on imaging, communication, and sensing applications, serving as artificial skins that shape electromagnetic fields. Motivated by these opportunities, this progress report provides a review of the recent advances in tunable and reconfigurable metasurfaces, highlighting the current challenges and outlining directions for future research. To better trace the historical evolution of tunable metasurfaces, a classification into globally and locally tunable metasurfaces is first provided along with the different physical addressing mechanisms utilized. Subsequently, coding metasurfaces, a particular class of locally tunable metasurfaces in which each unit cell can acquire discrete response states, is surveyed, since it is naturally suited to programmatic control. Finally, a new research direction of software‐defined metasurfaces is described, which attempts to push metasurfaces toward unprecedented levels of functionality by harnessing the opportunities offered by their software interface as well as their inter‐ and intranetwork connectivity and establish them in real‐world applications.
Subfields: Aerospace Engineering, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0606e2aaf275c9e51ed5519de390d2cb18ef4a18
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Citations in the corpus
- Rayleigh Fading Modeling and Channel Hardening for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (2020, methodology): “Since practical elements are sub-wavelength-sized A ∝ λ2 [3], [4], the number of elements N needed to achieve a given total area NA is inversely proportional to λ2.”
- RIS-Aided Wireless Communications: Prototyping, Adaptive Beamforming, and Indoor/Outdoor Field Trials (2021, background): “In order to realize the aforementioned relaying feature, the RIS must contain a large number of elements (to obtain appreciable gains) that have controllable properties [17].”
- Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: A signal processing perspective with wireless applications (2021, unknown): “It is meant as a complement to recent surveys of electromagnetic and hardware aspects [4], [7], [11], acoustics [12], communication theory [13], and localization [8].”
- Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: Three Myths and Two Critical Questions (2020, background): “This is the reason why (approximate) anomalous reflection is a canonical use case in the electromagnetic literature [5], where pathloss modeling is not considered.”
- Power Scaling Laws and Near-Field Behaviors of Massive MIMO and Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (2020, background): “Moreover, there are some implementations that allow for controlling the state of an element over a continuous range, while other implementations have a discrete number of possible states [48], [49].”