Zebrafish comparative genomics and the origins of vertebrate chromosomes.

By J. Postlethwait, I. Woods, P. Ngo-Hazelett, Yi-Lin Yan, P. D. Kelly, F. Chu, Hui Huang, A. Hill-Force, W. S. Talbot. Genome Research, 2000

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To help understand mechanisms of vertebrate genome evolution, we have compared zebrafish and tetrapod gene maps. It has been suggested that translocations are fixed more frequently than inversions in mammals. Gene maps showed that blocks of conserved syntenies between zebrafish and humans were large, but gene orders were frequently inverted and transposed. This shows that intrachromosomal rearrangements have been fixed more frequently than translocations. Duplicated chromosome segments suggest that a genome duplication occurred in ray-fin phylogeny, and comparative studies suggest that this event happened deep in the ancestry of teleost fish. Consideration of duplicate chromosome segments shows that at least 20% of duplicated gene pairs may be retained from this event. Despite genome duplication, zebrafish and humans have about the same number of chromosomes, and zebrafish chromosomes are mosaically orthologous to several human chromosomes. Is this because of an excess of chromosome fissions in the human lineage or an excess of chromosome fusions in the zebrafish lineage? Comparative analysis suggests that an excess of chromosome fissions in the tetrapod lineage may account for chromosome numbers and provides histories for several human chromosomes.

Subfields: Genetics, Molecular Biology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/05d4d9d83639694b465fb1af9d21e25e6343ba37

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Citations in the corpus

Genome duplication, a trait shared by 22000 species of ray-finned fish. (2003, background): “…(paralogous) chromosomal regions have been previously identified in zebrafish (Amores et al. 1998; Gates et al. 1999; Barbazuk et al. 2000; Postlethwait et al. 2000) including all but one of the chromosome pairs identified in our study; our conclusion that LG18 and LG25 might be…”
Whole-genome duplication in teleost fishes and its evolutionary consequences (2014, background): “Approaches to infer the ancestral teleost prior to TS-WGD have consistently predicted a haploid chromosome number of 12–13 (Postlethwait et al. 2000; Jaillon et al. 2004; Kohn et al. 2006; Kasahara et al. 2007).”
Splitting pairs: the diverging fates of duplicated genes (2002, background): “The occurrence of a whole-genome duplication event in the main branch of the vertebrate lineage that produced all the TELEOST fishes, at least 110 Mya, is more widely accepte”
Polyploidy in Fish and the Teleost Genome Duplication (2012, background): “At the same time, putting more and more genes on the genetic maps of zebrafish (Gates et al. 1999; Postlethwait et al. 2000; Woods et al. 2000, 2005) and medaka (Naruse et al.”
Yesterday's polyploids and the mystery of diploidization (2001, background): “A recent study by Postlethwait et al.(44) indicated that 20% of human genes might be duplicated in zebrafish, which implies that 33% (= 40/120) of zebrafish genes are members of ohnologue pairs.”
Teleost fish with specific genome duplication as unique models of vertebrate evolution (2010, background): “Analyses of many other nuclear genes also showed that teleosts have two paralogous genes corresponding to a single tetrapod gene, confirming the “1 to 2 rule” between tetrapods and teleosts, and thus the notion of a teleost-specific 3R-WGD (Postlethwait et al. 2000; Taylor et al. 2001b, 2003; Van de”
Human and chimpanzee Luteinizing hormone/ Chorionic Gonadotropin beta (LHB/CGB) gene clusters: diversity and divergence of young duplicated genes (2009, background): “16 vertebrates and one in the teleost lineage) whereas the rate of small-scale duplications is much higher (Dehal and Boore 2005; Jaillon et al. 2004; Postlethwait et al. 2000).”
The Repertoire of Na,K-ATPase α and β Subunit Genes Expressed in the Zebrafish, Danio rerio (2001, background): “Instead, genes that are linked to ATP1B2, such as TP53, are located on LG 5 and LG 15 in the zebrafish genome (Postlethwait et al. 2000).”
Medaka — a model organism from the far east (2002, background): “So far, nothing is known about sex determination in zebrafish and, remarkably, none of the many markers of the zebrafish genetic map have been found to be sex linke”