Thermal Behavior of Lithiated Graphite with Electrolyte in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Investigation on the thermal hazards of 18650 lithium ion batteries by fire calorimeter (2015, background): “The breakdown of SEI layer makes the electrolyte easier to reach the lithiated graphite surface, and the intercalated lithium can easily react with electrolyte to generate more heat [18].”
Li-Ion Battery Fire Hazards and Safety Strategies (2018, background): “Generally, the passivation layer (solid electrolyte interphase, SEI) on the electrode decomposes at around 69 ◦C [10].”
A review of the internal short circuit mechanism in lithium‐ion batteries: Inducement, detection and prevention (2021, background): “As stated by former studies, the temperature of batteries arrives at 80 C to 120 C, solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film decomposes with a peak appearing at 100 C.(54,70) Electrolytes will react with the anode to form a new SEI film with heat and hydrocarbon gases (ethane, methane and others).”
A Review on the Thermal Hazards of the Lithium-Ion Battery and the Corresponding Countermeasures (2019, background): “The SEI layer decomposes at about 69 °C [90], which enables the reaction between electrolyte and anode to take palace.”