Prospects for reducing the processing cost of lithium ion batteries
By D. Wood, Jianlin Li, Claus Daniel. 2015
722 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract A detailed processing cost breakdown is given for lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes, which focuses on: 1) elimination of toxic, costly N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) dispersion chemistry; 2) doubling the thicknesses of the anode and cathode to raise energy density; and 3) reduction of the anode electrolyte wetting and SEI-layer formation time. These processing cost reduction technologies generically adaptable to any anode or cathode cell chemistry and are being implemented at ORNL. This paper shows step by step how these cost savings can be realized in existing or new LIB manufacturing plants using a baseline case of thin (power) electrodes produced with NMP processing and a standard 10–14-day wetting and formation process. In particular, it is shown that aqueous electrode processing can cut the electrode processing cost and energy consumption by an order of magnitude. Doubling the thickness of the electrodes allows for using half of the inactive current collectors and separators, contributing even further to the processing cost savings. Finally wetting and SEI-layer formation cost savings are discussed in the context of a protocol with significantly reduced time. These three benefits collectively offer the possibility of reducing LIB pack cost from $502.8 kW h−1-usable to $370.3 kW h−1-usable, a savings of $132.5/kWh (or 26.4%).
Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0458fedb4889f319792b2e8013c01c7ab1a1a6d9
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Citations in the corpus
- The state of understanding of the lithium-ion-battery graphite solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and its relationship to formation cycling (2016, background): “SEI formation generally takes days because scan rates are slow, ~±C/5 down to ~±C/20 [13,15], to form a denser SEI structure rather than a highly porous one.”
- A review of laser electrode processing for development and manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries (2018, neutral): “Therefore, the wetting process is a key issue and also cost-intensive in battery manufacturing [26, 45].”
- Electrode manufacturing for lithium-ion batteries—Analysis of current and next generation processing (2019, neutral): “In the case of N -methyl-2- pyrrolidone (NMP)-based electrodes, the second advantage can be monumental, since it is a hazardous chemical that is expensive to recycle [79].”