Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry

By Salman F. Banani, Hyun O. Lee, Anthony A. Hyman, M. Rosen. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2017

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Alternative RNA Conformations: Companion or Combatant (2022, background): “These granules are responsible for regulating the gene expression by means of compartmentalization and by increasing the specific biomolecule concentration through altering the reaction specificities and kinetics [65,67,68].”
Transcription factors activate genes through the phase separation capacity of their activation domains (2018, background): “These dynamic interactions are also typical of the IDRIDR interactions that facilitate formation of phase-separated biomolecular condensates (Alberti, 2017; Banani et al., 2017; Hyman et al., 2014; Shin and Brangwynne, 2017; Wheeler and Hyman, 2018).”
Xist nucleates local protein gradients to propagate silencing across the X chromosome (2021, background): “SPENcontains intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), which typically mediate weak, multivalent interactions (Banani et al., 2017; Cerase et al., 2019; Mittag and Forman-Kay, 2007; Uversky, 2015).”
Competing protein-RNA interaction networks control multiphase intracellular organization (2020, positive): “, 2012), which are increasingly referred to as condensates (Banani et al., 2017; Shin and Brangwynne, 2017).”