Stress impairs prefrontal cortical function in rats and monkeys: role of dopamine D1 and norepinephrine α-1 receptor mechanisms

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Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: focus on the prefrontal cortex. (2007, background): “NE seems to play an important role in this " neurochemical switch " (reviewed in Arnsten, 2000a, b).”
The Temporal Dynamics Model of Emotional Memory Processing: A Synthesis on the Neurobiological Basis of Stress-Induced Amnesia, Flashbulb and Traumatic Memories, and the Yerkes-Dodson Law (2007, background): “A number of researchers have commented on the inverted-U-shaped relationship between dopamine receptor signaling in the prefrontal cortex and working memory performance (Arnsten et al. [414]; Murphy et al. [415]; Cai and Arnsten [416]; Arnsten [363]; Arnsten [417]; Brunel and Wang [418]; Dreher et a”
Beta-adrenergic Modulation of Cognitive Flexibility during Stress (2007, background): “Stress has been shown to impair other aspects of prefrontal cortical function (Arnsten, 2000), a region throughout which NE stimulation from the LC is received (Lewis & Morrison, 1989),”
Neurochemistry of Visual Attention (2021, background): “26014-7 Arnsten, A. F. (2009). Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex”