Evidence of escape of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 from natural and vaccine-induced sera

By Daming Zhou, W. Dejnirattisai, P. Supasa, Chang Liu, A. Mentzer, H. Ginn, Yuguang Zhao, Helen M. E. Duyvesteyn, A. Tuekprakhon, Rungtiwa Nutalai and 34 more. Cell, 2021

1,008 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The race to produce vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began when the first sequence was published, and this forms the basis for vaccines currently deployed globally. Independent lineages of SARS-CoV-2 have recently been reported: UK, B.1.1.7; South Africa, B.1.351; and Brazil, P.1. These variants have multiple changes in the immunodominant spike protein that facilitates viral cell entry via the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor. Mutations in the receptor recognition site on the spike are of great concern for their potential for immune escape. Here, we describe a structure-function analysis of B.1.351 using a large cohort of convalescent and vaccinee serum samples. The receptor-binding domain mutations provide tighter ACE2 binding and widespread escape from monoclonal antibody neutralization largely driven by E484K, although K417N and N501Y act together against some important antibody classes. In a number of cases, it would appear that convalescent and some vaccine serum offers limited protection against this variant.

Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Infectious Diseases

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/032fe92853c8b6ae304b6dae7618085f0ac7cdd0

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Citations in the corpus

• Evidence for antibody as a protective correlate for COVID-19 vaccines (2021, positive): “Variability in the timing and location of the Phase III efficacy studies included in our analysis suggests that the efficacy point estimates will be differentially impacted by circulating variants of concern (VOCs) which are more likely to escape protection afforded by vaccination [10], which is sup”
• Reduced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 by vaccine and convalescent serum (2021, methodology): “351 of most concern, leading to a 13-fold reduction in neutralizing titers of convalescent serum, with a number of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies losing activity completely (Zhou et al., 2021; Supasa et al., 2021; Dejnirattisai et al., 2021b; Shinde et al., 2021; Madhi et al., 2021; Food and Dru”
• mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine boosters induce neutralizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (2021, positive): “Studies of previous SARS-CoV-2 variants have demonstrated that mutations within the receptor binding domain (RBD) mediate escape from vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies (Cele et al., 2021a; Garcia-Beltran et al., 2021a; Zhou et al., 2021), and in some cases, increase infectivity through enhance”
• SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-B.1.1.529 leads to widespread escape from neutralizing antibody responses (2022, positive): “…domains which have the most sequence similarity to previously determined SARS-CoV-2 RBD/Fab structures (Dejnirattisai et al., 2021a, 2021b; Huo et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2021a; Supasa et al., 2021; Zhou et al., 2020, 2021) were used as search models for each of the current structure determination.”
• Antibody escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 from vaccine and BA.1 serum (2022, neutral): “…SARS-CoV-2 RBD-62 Zahradnı́k et al., 2021 N/A His-tagged SARS-CoV-2 RBD N501Y Supasa et al., 2021 N/A His-tagged SARS-CoV-2 RBD K417N, E484K, N501Y Zhou et al., 2021 N/A His-tagged SARS-CoV-2 RBD K417T, E484K, N501Y Dejnirattisai et al., 2021b N/A His-tagged SARS-CoV-2 RBD L452R, T478K Liu et…”