Global effect of urban sprawl, industrialization, trade and economic development on carbon dioxide emissions
By S. Sarkodie, P. A. Owusu, T. Leirvik. Environmental Research Letters, 2020
194 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Significant progress has been made towards mitigating climate change and its impacts across countries. However, the transboundary effect of CO2 emissions means that excluding the actions and inactions of certain countries and territories that escalate emissions is alarming. On this note, we examined the heterogeneous contribution of immediate and underlying drivers of emissions across 206 countries and territories for the period spanning 1960–2018. We deployed a dynamic panel estimation technique that accounts for cross-sectional dependence, heterogeneous parameters across countries, and dynamic correlated effects—a constraint for socio-economic, consumption- and pollution-based models. A global accounting of economic policy and debt, population structure, density and urbanization, and environmental-related aggregate indicators in a carbon emission function is presented. The empirical results demonstrate that the overarching effect of the instantaneous increase in economic development, population dynamics and energy utilization stimulate global emissions at national, urban and household levels across countries and territories. Industrialization and trade were found to escalate global pollution levels due to the impact of carbonized and energy-intensive economic structure in many developing and developed economies. Urbanization, urban income growth, and urban energy consumption are intertwined, hence, the institution of urban-related policy interventions is likely to negate the trio-impact on environmental sustainability. The triple effect (exploitation of natural resources, production and consumption) of economic development spurs environmental pollution, thus, calls for structural change from a carbonized to a decarbonized economy. The complex interaction highlights diversification of the energy mix by the inclusion of clean and renewable energy sources, fossil fuel-switching, and modern technologies like carbon capture and storage to improve energy efficiency and decline emission intensities.
Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Environmental Engineering, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0307ed828643e0b64f79cc4822f8f0d9422feca5
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Citations in the corpus
- Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality (2021, background): “INTRODUCTION Industrialization, the engine for economic expansion and urbanization, has accelerated the development of different sectors in association with the growth of the global population and affluence.(1,2) By 2050, the world’s population is expected to grow from 7.”