The Blockchain and Kudos: A Distributed System for Educational Record, Reputation and Reward

By Mike Sharples, John Domingue. European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, 2016

534 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The ‘blockchain’ is the core mechanism for the Bitcoin digital payment system. It embraces a set of inter-related technologies: the blockchain itself as a distributed record of digital events, the distributed consensus method to agree whether a new block is legitimate, automated smart contracts, and the data structure associated with each block. We propose a permanent distributed record of intellectual effort and associated reputational reward, based on the blockchain that instantiates and democratises educational reputation beyond the academic community. We are undertaking initial trials of a private blockchain or storing educational records, drawing also on our previous research into reputation management for educational systems.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Information Systems, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0200d453f5c995c87761e50976ed07692e257a30

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Citations in the corpus

Distributed Blockchain-Based Data Protection Framework for Modern Power Systems Against Cyber Attacks (2019, background): “Sharples and Domingue [38] proposed to store education information records in blockchains in such a way to conveniently record and verify each person’s identity.”
Blockchain challenges and opportunities: a survey (2018, background): “Additionally, blockchain technology is becoming one of the most promising technologies for the next generation of Internet interaction systems, such as smart contracts [46], public services [13], Internet of Things (IoT) [86], reputation systems [75] and security services [63].”
Blockchain Technology in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review and Directions for Future Research (2019, methodology): “Health Education: The primary use of the blockchain is as a mechanism for recording transaction of the Bitcoin digital currency, but this mechanism could be used in an education field too [92,93].”
Blockchain technology in supply chain management for sustainable performance: Evidence from the airport industry (2020, unknown): “…systems is blockchain technology, with its many applications, such as in public services, smart contracts, IoT, reputation systems, and security services (Akins, Chapman, & Gordon, 2013; Kosba, Miller, Shi, Wen, & Papamanthou, 2016; Noyes, 2016; Sharples & Domingue, 2016; Zhang & Wen, 2015).”
Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Insurance: Is the Technology Mature Enough? (2018, background): “…in order to let intelligent machines interact with each other [42] and autonomously take actions when speciﬁc situations occur; - Education [43], to store information on qualiﬁcations acquired by learners, e.g., to reduce job application frauds; in this context, multiple actors (e.g.,…”
An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends (2017, background): “Additionally, it can also be applied into other fields including smart contracts [5], public services [6], Internet of Things (IoT) [7], reputation systems [8] and security services [9].”
Blockchain-Based Applications in Education: A Systematic Review (2019, background): “Many studies are being held to solve this issue and many researchers proposed some ideas, such as Zilliqa [13], which is a new blockchain platform that is based on sharing technique to breakdown the big blockchain network into multi-shards that validate transactions in parallel.”
Exploring blockchain technology and its potential applications for education (2018, background): “It has been considered as part of the fourth industrial revolution since the invention of steam engine, electricity, and information technology (Chung and Kim 2016; Schwab 2017).”
A systematic literature review of blockchain-based applications: Current status, classification and open issues (2019, unknown): “Sharples and Domingue (2016b) propose the use of a blockchain-based distributed system for educational record and reputation.”
Blockchain Technology as an Enabler of Service Systems: A Structured Literature Review (2017, methodology): “On the one hand, information on transactions is shared and stored throughout the network and is therefore treated in a redundant way [25] and on the other hand, since the technology is based on data and code, the introduction of automated measures is facilitated [40], which in turn may reduce indivi”