Apples, oranges, and consistent comparisons of the temporal dynamics of energy transitions

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How researchers see this paper

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Negative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling (2018, background): “The historical evidence consistently finds that innovations can take decades to be scaled up (Wilson 2012) and widely adopted (Grubler et al 2016), even if examples of rapid transitions exist (Sovacool 2016).”
Reviewing the material and metal security of low-carbon energy transitions (2020, background): “nature of measuring what exactly an energy transition entails and how long it can take [153].”
Barriers to the Circular Economy: Evidence From the European Union (EU) (2018, unknown): “After all, technological development is slow (Grubler et al., 2016; Bento and Wilson, 2016).”
Historical energy transitions: Speed, prices and system transformation ☆ (2016, background): “As a result, there has been a tendency towards very slow full or aggregated energy transitions (for a more detailed discussion of the complexities of transforming energy systems, see Grübler et al 2016, Smil 2016).”