Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance

By J. Munita, C. Arias. Microbiology spectrum, 2016

1,082 citations recorded by the source corpus.

ABSTRACT Emergence of resistance among the most important bacterial pathogens is recognized as a major public health threat affecting humans worldwide. Multidrug-resistant organisms have not only emerged in the hospital environment but are now often identified in community settings, suggesting that reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are present outside the hospital. The bacterial response to the antibiotic “attack” is the prime example of bacterial adaptation and the pinnacle of evolution. “Survival of the fittest” is a consequence of an immense genetic plasticity of bacterial pathogens that trigger specific responses that result in mutational adaptations, acquisition of genetic material, or alteration of gene expression producing resistance to virtually all antibiotics currently available in clinical practice. Therefore, understanding the biochemical and genetic basis of resistance is of paramount importance to design strategies to curtail the emergence and spread of resistance and to devise innovative therapeutic approaches against multidrug-resistant organisms. In this chapter, we will describe in detail the major mechanisms of antibiotic resistance encountered in clinical practice, providing specific examples in relevant bacterial pathogens.

Subfields: Molecular Medicine, Pharmacology, Pollution

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/01497a249ba66aa180d77269f1f01d9c4b798063

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In Molecular Medicine

1. Andreas G. Tofarides
2. David L. Paterson
3. E. Peterson
4. Markella Marcou
5. Eirini Christaki
6. P. Kaur

In Pharmacology

1. Andreas G. Tofarides
2. David L. Paterson
3. E. Peterson
4. Markella Marcou
5. Eirini Christaki
6. P. Kaur

In Pollution

1. E. Peterson
2. P. Kaur

Citations in the corpus

• Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria: Mechanisms, Evolution, and Persistence (2019, background): “Horizontal gene transfer can occur through three main mechanisms (Holmes et al. 2016; Munita and Arias 2016).”
• Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Bacteria: Relationships Between Resistance Determinants of Antibiotic Producers, Environmental Bacteria, and Clinical Pathogens (2018, background): “Other target modification examples in clinical strains include point mutations or enzymatic alteration of the target (Munita and Arias, 2016).”
• Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens (2020, background): “aureus, whereas erm(B) is more commonly found in enterococci (198, 199).”