Nucleation, growth and breakage phenomena in agitated wet granulation processes: a review
By S. Iveson, J. Litster, K. Hapgood, B. J. Ennis. 2001
1,222 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Wet agglomeration processes have traditionally been considered an empirical art, with great difficulties in predicting and explaining observed behaviour. Industry has faced a range of problems including large recycle ratios, poor product quality control, surging and even the total failure of scale up from laboratory to full scale production. However, in recent years there has been a rapid advancement in our understanding of the fundamental processes that control granulation behaviour and product properties. This review critically evaluates the current understanding of the three key areas of wet granulation processes: wetting and nucleation, consolidation and growth, and breakage and attrition. Particular emphasis is placed on the fact that there now exist theoretical models which predict or explain the majority of experimentally observed behaviour. Provided that the correct material properties and operating parameters are known, it is now possible to make useful predictions about how a material will granulate. The challenge that now faces us is to transfer these theoretical developments into industrial practice. Standard, reliable methods need to be developed to measure the formulation properties that control granulation behaviour, such as contact angle and dynamic yield strength. There also needs to be a better understanding of the flow patterns, mixing behaviour and impact velocities in different types of granulation equipment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Subfields: Computational Mechanics, Mechanical Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0058f4755a5910f331bf3d6fe115cce70a72de0d
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In Computational Mechanics
In Mechanical Engineering
Citations in the corpus
- High-performance lithium-ion anodes using a hierarchical bottom-up approach. (2010, background): “Larger particles or nanoparticle assemblies can then be formed into spherical granules of the desired size through the application of a sacrificial liquid binder, which forms permanent bonds on drying or sinterin”
- Packing density of cementitious materials: part 1—measurement using a wet packing method (2008, background): “When under-saturated, the granules are not easy to be deformed or intermixed with each other because of the capillary forces that give them strength [16].”
- DEM–CFD modeling of a fluidized bed spray granulator (2011, background): “A lot of research work has been done recently to overcome these limitations and to achieve a fundamental understanding of the granulation process on the micro-level scale (Iveson et al., 2001; Litster, 2003; Tan et al., 2006; Peglow et al., 2007; Rajniak et al., 2009).”