An index of naturalness

236 citations recorded by the source corpus.

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

The Wellbeing Benefits Associated with Perceived and Measured Biodiversity in Australian Urban Green Spaces (2019, methodology): “Naturalness was assessed using the Urban Park Naturalness Index (UPNI), adapted from Machado’s [21] Index of Naturalness.”
Ecological restoration: A new frontier for nature conservation and economics (2006, background): “An important step awaiting us is to further splice the science and the practice of these three interrelated activities, even as the range of landscapes that we see—natural, semi-natural and cultural, etc. – become more complex (Machado 2004).”
Current Status and Future Prospects for the Assessment of Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Services: A Systematic Review (2013, background): “The list is deficient in capacity indicators, where we suggest taking into account the naturalness of the ecosystem (for example, using an analogous to the terrestrial hemeroby concept [72,73]) and the accessibility of the site.”