Atmosphere‐ocean coupled processes in the Madden‐Julian oscillation
By C. DeMott, N. Klingaman, S. Woolnough. 2015
218 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) is a convectively coupled 30–70 day (intraseasonal) tropical atmospheric mode that drives variations in global weather but which is poorly simulated in most atmospheric general circulation models. Over the past two decades, field campaigns and modeling experiments have suggested that tropical atmosphere‐ocean interactions may sustain or amplify the pattern of enhanced and suppressed atmospheric convection that defines the MJO and encourage its eastward propagation through the Indian and Pacific Oceans. New observations collected during the past decade have advanced our understanding of the ocean response to atmospheric MJO forcing and the resulting intraseasonal sea surface temperature fluctuations. Numerous modeling studies have revealed a considerable impact of the mean state on MJO ocean‐atmosphere coupled processes, as well as the importance of resolving the diurnal cycle of atmosphere‐upper ocean interactions. New diagnostic methods provide insight to atmospheric variability and physical processes associated with the MJO but offer limited insight on the role of ocean feedbacks. Consequently, uncertainty remains concerning the role of the ocean in MJO theory. Our understanding of how atmosphere‐ocean coupled processes affect the MJO can be improved by collecting observations in poorly sampled regions of MJO activity, assessing oceanic and atmospheric drivers of surface fluxes, improving the representation of upper ocean mixing in coupled model simulations, designing model experiments that minimize mean state differences, and developing diagnostic tools to evaluate the nature and role of coupled ocean‐atmosphere processes over the MJO cycle.
Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change, Oceanography
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/000dc11c972df38a18bdd09c4c8560ac02b0717b
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Citations in the corpus
- Prediction of the Madden–Julian Oscillation: A Review (2018, methodology): “Using a series of relaxation hindcast experiments with the ECMWF model, Vitart and Jung (2010; cf. Ferranti et al. 1990) showed that the RMM skill drops significantly from 28 to 22 days when the extratropical influence on tropics is artificially suppressed.”
- Review of Tropical‐Extratropical Teleconnections on Intraseasonal Time Scales (2017, background): “The role of the ocean as a driver of tropical convective disturbances, and in particular those associated with the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) (Madden & Julian, 1971), is not well understood (DeMott et al., 2016).”
- High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP v1.0) for CMIP6 (2016, background): “The systematic comparison between uncoupled (Tier 1) and coupled simulations for the 1950–2050 period, under different horizontal resolutions, will stimulate novel process-oriented studies tackling the origins of well-known biases affecting climate models, such as the double-ITCZ tropical bias.”